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trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (World Health Organization)
- Development stage
- Phase 3
- Lead developer
- World Health Organization
- Modality
- Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Administration
- Oral
01
Overview
Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) is a live-attenuated vaccine containing Sabin strains of poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3. It is administered orally to induce both mucosal (secretory IgA) and systemic (IgG) immunity against poliomyelitis. Historically, tOPV was the primary tool for global polio eradication due to its ease of administration and ability to provide community immunity through secondary spread. However, due to the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and the emergence of type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV2), tOPV was globally withdrawn from routine immunization in April 2016 and replaced by bivalent OPV (bOPV) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). It remains a critical tool for outbreak response in specific contexts where multiple poliovirus types co-circulate.
- Brand names
- Polio SabinPoli SabinOral Polio Vaccine (Sabin)
- Other names
- Sabin vaccinetrivalent Sabin vaccinetOPV
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