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This combination therapy consists of **umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs)** administered along with **disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)** for the treatment of **rheumatoid arthritis** and potentially other autoimmune rheumatic diseases. UC-MSCs are multipotent stromal cells with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative properties; they can downregulate inflammatory and autoimmune responses, promote tissue repair, and modulate both the innate and adaptive immune system, limiting pathology in chronic autoimmune conditions[1][3][4][5][7]. DMARDs are a class of pharmaceuticals (such as methotrexate) that slow or halt the underlying processes of autoimmune diseases. The rationale for this combination is to enhance disease remission and tissue regeneration, while reducing inflammation and autoimmune reactivity beyond what DMARDs alone can achieve[1][4][5]. Clinical studies and reviews report that the combination has good safety and immunomodulatory profiles in patients who have not responded fully to DMARDs alone[1][4][7]. Administration is generally intravenous for UC-MSCs, and oral or subcutaneous for DMARDs[1][4][7]. As a combination, this regimen is considered experimental and is under investigation in phase 1 and early clinical studies for rheumatoid arthritis[6][7]. Primary indications are for rheumatoid arthritis and related autoimmune rheumatic diseases[1][3][4][5].
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