urocortin 2 + urocortin 3 + substance p

This is a combination of three endogenous peptide agonists—urocortin 2, urocortin 3, and substance P—administered together for research purposes. Urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 are members of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family that act as selective agonists at the type 2 CRF receptor (CRF-R2), leading to vasodilation, reduced peripheral vascular resistance, increased cardiac output, and potential cardioprotective effects. Substance P is a neuropeptide that acts primarily on the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R), also inducing vasodilation via endothelium-dependent mechanisms. This combination has been studied in clinical settings to assess their collective cardiovascular effects in both healthy subjects and patients with heart failure. The peptides are not approved drugs but have been used experimentally to explore therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure[1][2][3][4].