Clinical trials
Follow clinical development from study design and recruitment through results.
- Trial phase
- Status
- Readouts
Drug intelligence / Profile preview
warfarin + caffeine + midazolam
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Novo Nordisk
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral
01
Overview
The combination of warfarin, caffeine, and midazolam is a drug-drug interaction (DDI) probe cocktail used in clinical pharmacology to evaluate the metabolic activity of specific Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. In this cocktail, caffeine serves as a probe for CYP1A2, warfarin (specifically the S-enantiomer) is a probe for CYP2C9, and midazolam is a probe for CYP3A4/5. This combination is frequently employed in Phase 1 clinical trials, such as those conducted by Novo Nordisk for the triple agonist UBT251, to determine if an investigational therapeutic candidate induces or inhibits these key hepatic metabolic pathways. By measuring the pharmacokinetics of these index substrates, researchers can assess the potential for the new drug to cause clinically significant interactions with other medications metabolized by the same enzymes.
- Other names
- CYP enzyme probe substratesCYP cocktail
02
Targets
ADORA1 (Adenosine receptor A1 subtype)ADORA2A (Adenosine A₂A Receptor)CYP1A2 (Cytochrome P450 1A2)CYP2C9 (Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9)CYP3A4 (Cytochrome P450 3A4)GABA-A α/γ interface (Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABA-A receptor) alpha/gamma subunit interface)VKORC1 (Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1)
Beyond the preview
Go deeper on warfarin + caffeine + midazolam.
Explore the evidence, development activity, and competitive landscape with Gosset’s full data platform.
Indications & development
Explore development by indication, patient population, and geography.
- Indications
- Development status
- Countries
Licensing & deals
Trace asset ownership, licensing agreements, and commercial partnerships.
- Partners
- Deal terms
- Milestones
Patents & exclusivity
Explore the patent landscape and regulatory exclusivity around an asset.
- Patents
- Expiration dates
- Exclusivity
Competitive landscape
Compare development programs by target, modality, and indication.
- Competing assets
- Targets
- Development stage
Research & analysis
Connect source evidence and development news to your research questions.
- Publications
- News
- Analysis
Bring the full picture into focus.
See how Gosset can support your research on warfarin + caffeine + midazolam.