xenin-25 + atropine

Xenin-25 + atropine is an experimental combination of two agents with distinct mechanisms. Xenin-25 is a 25–amino acid neurotensin-related peptide hormone produced by enteroendocrine K-cells in the gut. It has been shown to potentiate glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-mediated insulin secretion and may play a role in modulating gastrointestinal motility, food intake, and pancreatic secretion. Atropine is a well-established muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that blocks cholinergic signaling at muscarinic receptors throughout the body. In preclinical studies, co-administration of xenin-25 and atropine has been used to dissect the cholinergic pathways involved in xenin-25’s effects on insulin release and GI function; specifically, atropine can block some of the actions mediated by endogenous acetylcholine signaling triggered by xenin-25[1][6][8]. This combination does not represent an approved pharmaceutical product but rather a research tool for understanding gut hormone-neural interactions.

Other names

xenin-25 + atropine