12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3 (OPR3) (OPR3)

12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3 (OPR3) is a critical flavoprotein enzyme in the jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic pathway, primarily characterized in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum [1, 2]. It belongs to the Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) family and specifically catalyzes the reduction of (9S,13S)-12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) into OPC-8:0, which is subsequently converted to JA via beta-oxidation [3]. Jasmonic acid is a key signaling molecule that regulates various physiological processes, including root growth, fruit ripening, and responses to environmental stresses like wounding and herbivory [4]. While OPR3 is not a target for human therapeutics, its human functional homolog, Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1), plays a role in the metabolism of eicosanoids and is investigated in cancer and inflammation [5]. In agricultural biotechnology, OPR3 is a target for genetic engineering to improve crop resilience and understand plant-pathogen interactions [6].

Other names

12-oxophytodienoic acid reductase 3OPR312-oxophytodienoate reductaseOPDA reductase 3

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the C10-C11 double bond in the cyclopentenone ring of (9S,13S)-12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) to form 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid (OPC-8:0), a precursor to jasmonic acid.