2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial (DECR1)

2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 (DECR1) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes a critical, rate-limiting step in the β-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by reducing 2,4-dienoyl-CoA thioesters to 3-enoyl-CoA using NADPH as a cofactor[3]. DECR1 is part of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family and is essential for the energy metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids, especially in tissues with active mitochondrial β-oxidation. In cancer, particularly prostate cancer, DECR1 is overexpressed and associated with disease progression, promoting tumor cell survival and resistance to therapies targeting androgen receptor signaling. Knockdown or inhibition of DECR1 impairs PUFA oxidation, leading to mitochondrial oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis—a non-apoptotic form of cell death. DECR1 deficiency in humans results in a rare, potentially lethal metabolic disorder characterized by impaired fatty acid oxidation[1][2][3].

Other names

2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase [NADPH]2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase [(3E)-enoyl-CoA-producing], mitochondrialShort chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 18C member 1SDR18C1DECR4-enoyl-CoA reductase [NADPH]

Induction of ferroptosis (by inhibition/knockdown of DECR1); Inhibition of PUFA β-oxidation; Modulation of oxidative stress pathways