23S Ribosomal RNA (23S rRNA)

23S Ribosomal RNA Overview

23S ribosomal RNA (23S rRNA) is a large, essential component of the 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes. It plays a central role in protein synthesis by forming the core of the peptidyl transferase center, which catalyzes peptide bond formation during translation. Many antibiotics exert their effects by binding to specific regions on 23S rRNA—especially around its peptidyl transferase center—to inhibit protein synthesis. Resistance often arises through mutations or methylation at antibiotic-binding sites. A specific sequence within domain V—the ISR23 sequence—is recognized by TLR13 in mammalian innate immunity, making it a target for immune sensing of bacterial infection.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the peptidyl transferase center and disrupting tRNA binding or peptide bond formation.

Biological Functions

Safety Considerations

Interacting Drugs