Gosset Molecular Classification
Empathogen-entactogen, Stimulant, Psychedelic
Other Names
Ecstasy, Molly, Adam, XTC, N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, (RS)-3,4-(Methylenedioxy)methamphetamine
Disease Roles
3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine Overview
3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychoactive drug primarily known for its empathogenic effects. It acts by increasing the activity of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain, leading to altered mood, perception, and cognition. While recreationally used, it has also been studied for therapeutic applications, particularly in the treatment of PTSD and social anxiety.
Mechanism of Action
MDMA acts as a substrate and inhibitor of monoamine transporters (SERT, DAT, NET), leading to increased levels of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the synapse.
Biological Functions
Monoamine neurotransmitter release
Inhibition of monoamine reuptake
Disease Associations
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Social anxiety associated with autism spectrum disorder
Safety Considerations
- Neurotoxicity
- Hyperthermia
- Serotonin syndrome
- Hyponatremia
- Cardiovascular complications
- Psychiatric effects
Interacting Drugs
Serotonin releasers