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5-alpha reductase type I (5αR1)
- Target
- 5αR1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Oxidoreductase
01
Overview
5-alpha reductase type I (5αR1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in various tissues, including the liver, skin, scalp, sebaceous glands, kidney, and brain. While it shares this function with other 5α-reductase isoenzymes, its tissue distribution and kinetic properties differ, contributing to distinct physiological roles in androgen-dependent processes, such as sebum production, hair follicle biology, and potentially neurosteroid synthesis. It is a therapeutic target for conditions like androgenic alopecia and acne.
- Other names
- 3-Oxosteroid Δ4-dehydrogenaseSteroid Δ4-5α-reductaseTestosterone 5α-reductase
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of 5-alpha reductase enzyme activity, reducing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
03
Biological functions
Steroid metabolismDihydrotestosterone (DHT) productionAndrogen signaling modulation
04
Disease associations
Androgenic alopecia (male pattern baldness)Acne vulgarisBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)Altered sexual development (in deficiency states)Insulin resistance/metabolic disorders (potential)
05
Safety considerations
Potential impact on sexual developmentSide effects associated with DHT reduction (e.g., sexual dysfunction)Variable efficacy depending on individual isoform expression profiles
06
Interacting drugs
Finasteride
1 more in the full profile.
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