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A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) (APRIL (for TNFSF13), BLyS or BAFF (for TNFSF13B))
- Target
- APRIL (for TNFSF13), BLyS or BAFF (for TNFSF13B)
- Molecular classification
- Cytokine, TNF superfamily ligand
01
Overview
APRIL (A proliferation-inducing ligand, TNFSF13) and BLyS (B-cell activating factor, TNFSF13B) are soluble and membrane-bound cytokines of the TNF superfamily, critical for B cell development, survival, and plasma cell maintenance[1][2][4]. Both function by binding to and activating specific receptors (TACI, BCMA; BLyS also binds BAFF-R/BR3), and are implicated in autoimmune pathology and B cell cancers[1][3][4]. Targeting these cytokines with biologics diminishes B cell numbers, useful in diseases of pathological B cell activity, though it may impair normal immune function[4]. APRIL also plays roles in bone homeostasis and can promote cancer cell survival[1][4].
- Other names
- CD256TNFSF13BAFFTALL-1THANKzTNF4TNFSF13B
02
Mechanism of action
Neutralization of BLyS and/or APRIL cytokines inhibits their interaction with B cell receptors (TACI, BCMA, BAFF-R), reducing B cell survival and differentiation
03
Biological functions
B cell maturation and survivalPlasma cell maintenance (especially long-lived plasma cells)Isotype switchingImmune response modulationApoptosis induction (for APRIL, via other TNF receptors)
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus)B cell malignancies (e.g., multiple myeloma, lymphoma)Cancer progression (APRIL can foster cancer cell viability)Inflammation
05
Safety considerations
Risk of immunosuppression leading to increased infections or impaired immunityPotential for reduced plasma cell survival and hypogammaglobulinemia
06
Interacting drugs
Atacicept
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Expression levels of APRIL, BLyS in plasma or specific tissues (e.g., synovial tissue for RA)Blood levels of B cells (indirectly affected)
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