Gosset Molecular Classification
G protein-coupled receptor, Receptor
Other Names
Angiotensin II receptor type 1, AT1R, AGTR1
Disease Roles
A-type 1 Angiotensin II Receptor Overview
The A-type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1), encoded by the AGTR1 gene, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a central role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which regulates blood pressure, fluid balance, and cardiovascular function. It is the primary mediator of angiotensin II's effects, including vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, and cardiac hypertrophy. AT1 is a major drug target for antihypertensive therapy, with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) being used to treat hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and congestive heart failure.
Mechanism of Action
Selective inhibition of the AT1 receptor, blocking vasoconstrictive and volume-increasing effects mediated through AT1R activation.
Biological Functions
Vasoconstriction
Aldosterone synthesis/secretion
Fluid/salt homeostasis
Signal transduction
Regulation of blood pressure
Cardiac hypertrophy
Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation
Thirst/osmocontrol
Disease Associations
Hypertension
Diabetic nephropathy
Congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease
Coronary heart disease
Safety Considerations
- Potential for hypotension
- Angioedema
- Hyperkalemia
- Renal dysfunction
- Drug interactions
Interacting Drugs
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Associated Biomarkers
| Biomarker |
|---|
| AGTR1 polymorphisms |
| Expression levels of AT1R |