Acetaminophen Metabolism (APAP Metabolism)

Molecular Classification

Metabolic Pathway

Other Names

Paracetamol Metabolism

Disease Roles

HepatotoxicityAcute liver failure

Acetaminophen Metabolism Overview

Acetaminophen metabolism involves three principal pathways: glucuronidation, sulfation, and cytochrome P450 oxidation. The cytochrome P450 pathway produces NAPQI, a toxic metabolite detoxified by glutathione. In overdose, glutathione depletion leads to NAPQI accumulation and hepatotoxicity.

Mechanism of Action

N/A

Biological Functions

Drug metabolism

Detoxification

Xenobiotic metabolism

Disease Associations

Hepatotoxicity

Acute liver failure

Safety Considerations

Hepatotoxicity (overdose)
Drug interactions altering metabolism
Glutathione depletion
Risk increased by alcohol use or pre-existing liver disease

Interacting Drugs

Acetaminophen

CYP3A4 inhibitors

CYP2E1 inducers

CYP2E1 inhibitors

Glutathione depleting agents

Associated Biomarkers

Biomarker
Acetaminophen plasma concentration
NAPQI levels (research)
Glutathione levels
Liver function tests (ALT, AST)