Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1 (EMR1) (EMR1)

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1 (ADGRE1), commonly known as EMR1, is a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor family (UniProt Q14246). It is characterized by a large extracellular domain containing multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like modules that facilitate cell-cell interactions (PubMed: 11544349). In humans, EMR1 is a highly specific surface marker for eosinophils, whereas its mouse ortholog, F4/80, is the standard marker for mature macrophages (PubMed: 21248251). The receptor is involved in the regulation of the immune system, particularly during allergic inflammation and the response to parasitic infections (NCBI Gene: 2015). Due to its restricted expression on human eosinophils, EMR1 is a potential therapeutic target for eosinophil-mediated diseases such as eosinophilic esophagitis and severe asthma (PubMed: 21248251). Therapeutic strategies under investigation include the use of monoclonal antibodies to induce eosinophil depletion through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Although it remains an orphan receptor, its utility as a biomarker for eosinophilic infiltration makes it a significant focus for drug development in inflammatory pathology.

Other names

ADGRE1EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1TM7LN3F4/80 (mouse ortholog)

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) for eosinophil depletion