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Alkaline Phosphatase, Placental Type (PLAP)

Target: PLAP
Molecular classification: Enzyme, Metalloenzyme, Phosphatase

Overview

Alkaline Phosphatase, Placental Type (PLAP) is a membrane-bound, glycosylated dimeric enzyme primarily expressed in the placenta. It functions as a metalloenzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of phosphoric acid monoesters. While its exact physiological role is under investigation, it is significantly elevated in several cancers, including testicular germ cell tumors, ovarian cancer, and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma, making it a useful tumor marker and potential immunotherapy target.

Other names: ALPPPALPPLAP-1

Mechanism of action

Hydrolyzes phosphoric acid monoesters. Immunotherapy targeting is being investigated.

Biological functions

DephosphorylationMatrix mineralization (proposed)

Disease associations

Cancer

Safety considerations

Elevated expression in smokers can confound use as a tumor marker.

Biomarkers

Testicular germ cell tumors (seminoma)Ovarian cancerUterine corpus endometrial carcinomaPancreatic adenocarcinomaPulmonary carcinomasColonic carcinomasRenal cell carcinomas

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