Gosset Allergen immunotherapy mechanism Overview
Allergen immunotherapy mechanism refers to the process by which repeated and gradually increasing exposure to a specific allergen leads to immune system desensitization, shifting the immune response towards tolerance, reducing Th2-driven allergic inflammation, increasing regulatory T cell (Treg) activity, and rebalancing antibody profiles from IgE to blocking IgG4. This therapeutic approach modifies the course of IgE-mediated allergic diseases by targeting the immune processes underlying hypersensitivity[1][2][3][4][5][6].
Mechanism of Action
Induction of peripheral tolerance using escalating doses of allergen; Generation of regulatory T cells (Treg/Tr1); Cytokine shift to IL-10, TGF-β; Immunoglobulin isotype switch from IgE to IgG4/IgA; Suppression of mast cell and basophil activity
Biological Functions
Disease Associations
Safety Considerations
- Risk of anaphylaxis
- Local/systemic allergic reactions
- Requires long-term administration and careful monitoring
Associated Biomarkers
| Biomarker |
|---|
| Allergen-specific IgG4 |
| Allergen-specific IgE |
| Treg cell quantities and function |
| IL-10 levels |