Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B (MAO-B)

Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B (MAO-B) is an enzyme located on the outer mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amines. It plays a significant role in neurotransmitter metabolism, particularly in the brain, and is a therapeutic target for neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease. In rodents, MAO-B is also involved in GABA synthesis in astrocytes. Human MAO-B is a dimeric protein with a covalently bound FAD cofactor and key tyrosyl residues in its active site. Inhibitors targeting MAO-B are used to increase neurotransmitter levels in the brain.

MAO-B inhibitors are used to prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine, by selectively inhibiting the MAO-B enzyme.