Gosset Molecular Classification
Ionotropic glutamate receptor, Ligand-gated ion channel, Receptor
Other Names
AMPA receptor, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
Disease Roles
AMPA glutamate receptor Overview
The AMPA glutamate receptor (AMPAR) is an ionotropic glutamate receptor responsible for mediating fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. It is a tetrameric complex composed of GluA1-GluA4 subunits. Activation by glutamate or synthetic agonists leads to the opening of a cation channel, primarily permeable to sodium, resulting in neuronal depolarization. Its function is crucial for learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity.
Mechanism of Action
Binding of glutamate or other agonists opens the ion channel, allowing influx of Na+ and, in some cases, Ca2+, leading to neuronal depolarization and excitation.
Biological Functions
Fast excitatory neurotransmission
Synaptic plasticity
Learning
Memory formation
Sensory perception
Motor coordination
Disease Associations
Neurodegenerative disease
Epilepsy
Ischemic stroke
Psychiatric disorders
Safety Considerations
- Excitotoxicity
- Seizures
Interacting Drugs
L-glutamate
AMPA
Quisqualate
CNQX
NBQX
GYKI compounds