Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) (AT1 receptor)

The Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor that serves as the primary mediator for the physiological effects of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) (UniProt: P30556). Upon activation, the AT1 receptor triggers signaling pathways that lead to systemic vasoconstriction, stimulation of aldosterone release from the adrenal cortex, and renal sodium reabsorption (StatPearls: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers). These physiological actions are essential for the elevation of blood pressure and the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance (NIH: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System). Pathological overactivation of this receptor is a central driver in the development of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and progressive renal damage (PubMed: PMC3134414). Consequently, the AT1 receptor is a major therapeutic target for a class of drugs known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), such as valsartan (FDA: Diovan Prescribing Information). These drugs competitively inhibit the receptor, preventing angiotensin II from binding and thereby inducing vasodilation and reducing fluid retention (PubChem: CID 60846). Clinical use of AT1 receptor antagonists provides significant benefits in managing cardiovascular and renal diseases, though they require monitoring for side effects like hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction (StatPearls: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers).

Other names

AGTR1AT1RAngiotensin II receptor type 1AT1

Competitive antagonism of the Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (StatPearls: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)