Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor complex (AMHR complex) (AMHR complex)

The Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor complex is a transmembrane signaling unit composed of the Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (AMHR2) and a type 1 receptor, typically ALK2 (ACVR1) or ALK3 (BMPR1A) (UniProt Q16671; PMID: 24501224). This complex belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor family and is essential for mediating the effects of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). During male fetal development, the activation of this complex induces the regression of the Müllerian ducts, preventing the formation of female internal reproductive organs (PMID: 15531540). In females, the complex is expressed in granulosa cells, where it regulates the recruitment of primordial follicles and modulates their sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (PMID: 24501224). Pathologically, mutations in the receptor complex cause Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) (PMID: 15531540). In oncology, AMHR2 is highly expressed in various gynecological cancers, making the complex a target for monoclonal antibodies and immunotherapies designed to induce apoptosis or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in malignant cells (PMID: 28453455).

Other names

Müllerian-inhibiting substance receptor complexMIS receptor complexAMHR2/ALK2 complexAMHR2/ALK3 complexAMHR2/ACVR1 complexAMHR2/BMPR1A complex

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), Receptor agonism, Signal transduction inhibition