Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II (extracellular domain) (AMHR2 (ECD))

The extracellular domain of the Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type II (AMHR2) mediates high-affinity binding of AMH, enabling AMH signaling that drives Müllerian duct regression (male sexual differentiation) and contributes to ovarian follicle regulation in females. AMHR2 belongs to the TGF-β family of serine/threonine kinase receptors and possesses a unique ligand-binding architecture characterized by a three-finger toxin fold, enabling specific interaction with its ligand, AMH. Upon ligand binding, AMHR2 (with its extracellular domain) triggers phosphorylation of type I receptors, activating SMAD transcription factors and downstream gene regulation essential for reproductive physiology. Dysfunction or mutations in AMHR2 lead to disorders such as persistent Müllerian duct syndrome and can contribute to infertility or abnormal sexual development. Therapeutically, AMHR2 is under investigation as a target for antibody-based interventions and as a diagnostic marker in reproductive medicine and oncology.

Other names

Müllerian-inhibiting substance type II receptorAMHR2Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptor

Drugs or biologics targeting AMHR2 work via antagonism or agonism (blocking or mimicking AMH binding), potentially modulating downstream SMAD signaling and gene expression relevant to reproductive tract development, tumor biology, and fertility