Gosset Molecular Classification
Enzyme, PLP-dependent enzyme
Other Names
DOPA decarboxylase, DDC, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase
Disease Roles
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Overview
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), also known as DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), is an enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of specific aromatic L-amino acids, primarily L-DOPA to dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin. It is essential for neurotransmitter biosynthesis in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Inhibitors of this enzyme, like carbidopa, are used therapeutically to manage peripheral conversion of L-DOPA in Parkinson's disease.
Mechanism of Action
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of aromatic L-amino acids using pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as a cofactor. Inhibitors block the decarboxylation reaction.
Biological Functions
Neurotransmitter synthesis
Conversion of L-DOPA to dopamine
Conversion of 5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin
Disease Associations
Parkinson's disease
Psychiatric disorders
Safety Considerations
- Peripheral side effects when administering L-DOPA (addressed by co-administration with carbidopa)
- Potential for off-target effects due to broad substrate specificity
Interacting Drugs
L-DOPA