Molecular Classification
Receptor, Ligand, Cell Adhesion Molecule, Growth Factor
Other Names
Axon Guidance Molecules, Neuronal Guidance Cues
Disease Roles
Neurological disordersEpilepsyNeurodevelopmental disorders

Axon Guidance Proteins Overview

Axon guidance proteins are a diverse group of molecules that direct the growth and navigation of neuronal axons during neural development. They act as attractants or repellents, guiding axons to their correct targets and ensuring the formation of precise neural circuits. These proteins include Netrins, Slits, Ephrins, Semaphorins, and Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs), each interacting with specific receptors to activate intracellular signaling cascades that modulate cytoskeletal dynamics and growth cone motility. While primarily known for their role in development, some axon guidance proteins continue to influence synaptogenesis and cell migration in the mature nervous system. Dysregulation of these proteins has been implicated in various neurological disorders.

Mechanism of Action

Modulation of growth cone motility via receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell adhesion.

Biological Functions

Axon guidance
Neural development
Synaptogenesis
Cell migration
Cell adhesion
Signal transduction

Disease Associations

Neurological disorders
Epilepsy
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Cancer (metastasis)
Congenital syndromes

Safety Considerations

  • Off-target effects due to broad expression patterns of some guidance molecules.
  • Potential for developmental toxicity if targeted during pregnancy.
  • Complex and context-dependent signaling may lead to unpredictable outcomes.