B-cell receptor specific for Sabin poliovirus capsid epitopes (BCR-Sabin) (BCR-Sabin)

B-cell receptors (BCRs) specific for Sabin poliovirus capsid epitopes are transmembrane immunoglobulins expressed on the surface of B lymphocytes that recognize and bind to the structural proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3) of the attenuated Sabin vaccine strains (Hogle et al., 1985, Science). These receptors play a critical role in the adaptive immune response by initiating the production of neutralizing antibodies following vaccination with the Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV) (Sabin, 1985, J Infect Dis). Upon binding to the viral capsid epitopes, the BCR triggers intracellular signaling that leads to B-cell activation, clonal expansion, and the formation of long-lived memory B cells (Janeway's Immunobiology, 9th Ed). This process is essential for establishing protective immunity against poliomyelitis, a debilitating disease caused by poliovirus infection of the central nervous system (WHO, 2023). In the context of drug development and public health, these receptors are the primary targets for vaccine antigens designed to elicit a robust and durable immune response. Understanding the specificity and affinity of these BCRs for various capsid epitopes is vital for monitoring vaccine efficacy and addressing challenges such as the emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses (Burns et al., 2014, J Infect Dis).

Other names

Sabin poliovirus-specific B-cell receptorPoliovirus-specific BCRAnti-poliovirus B-cell receptorSabin-specific BCR

Vaccine antigens bind to the BCR, inducing receptor clustering and activation of downstream signaling cascades (e.g., Lyn, Syk, PLCγ2), which leads to B-cell proliferation and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells (Murphy & Weaver, 2016). These antibodies then neutralize the poliovirus by sterically hindering its interaction with the host cell receptor CD155 (He et al., 2003, PNAS).