Bacterial Cell Wall Biosynthesis ()

Bacterial Cell Wall Biosynthesis Overview

Bacterial cell wall biosynthesis is the process by which bacteria construct their protective cell wall, primarily composed of peptidoglycan. This pathway is essential for bacterial survival and is a major target for antibiotics. The process involves cytoplasmic synthesis of nucleotide precursors, membrane-associated formation and transport of lipid-linked intermediates, and extracellular polymerization and cross-linking of glycan chains. Key enzymes include glycosyltransferases, transpeptidases (PBPs), and autolysins. Antibiotic resistance can arise through various mechanisms, including β-lactamase production and PBP mutations.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis enzymes (e.g., transpeptidases, glycosyltransferases) or binding to peptidoglycan precursors (e.g., Lipid II) disrupting cell wall formation.

Biological Functions

Safety Considerations

Interacting Drugs