Molecular Classification
Enzyme, Type II topoisomerase
Other Names
DNA gyrase, Gyrase
Disease Roles
Infection

Bacterial DNA Gyrase Overview

Bacterial DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme found in all bacteria, classified as a type II topoisomerase. Its primary function is to introduce negative supercoils into closed-circular double-stranded DNA using energy derived from ATP hydrolysis. This activity is crucial for maintaining the topology of bacterial chromosomes, facilitating processes such as replication and transcription. It is a clinically validated antibacterial drug target inhibited by several antibiotic classes including fluoroquinolones and aminocoumarins.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibition of DNA gyrase activity, either by stabilizing cleavage complexes or blocking enzymatic activity.

Biological Functions

DNA supercoiling
DNA topology maintenance
Regulation of replication
Regulation of transcription
Chromosome structure maintenance

Disease Associations

Infection

Safety Considerations

  • Development of antibiotic resistance
  • Potential for off-target effects

Interacting Drugs

Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin)
Aminocoumarins (e.g., novobiocin)