Molecular Classification
Enzyme, Polymerase
Other Names
DNA Polymerase III, DNA pol III, DNA Replication Enzyme (Bacterial)
Disease Roles
Bacterial DNA Synthesis Enzyme Overview
The bacterial DNA synthesis enzyme, primarily DNA polymerase III (DNA pol III), is a crucial enzyme complex responsible for replicating the bacterial genome during cell division. It catalyzes the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to a growing DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction, using a template strand for guidance. Other enzymes, like DNA polymerase I, play supporting roles in primer removal and DNA repair. Due to its essential role in bacterial survival and its structural differences from eukaryotic counterparts (e.g. gyrase), it is a key target for antibacterial drug development.
Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of DNA synthesis by targeting DNA polymerase III or related enzymes (e.g., DNA gyrase)
Biological Functions
DNA synthesis
Genome duplication
Cell division
DNA replication
Proofreading
Disease Associations
Infection
Safety Considerations
- Off-target effects on eukaryotic DNA polymerases (though less likely with bacterial-specific targets)
- Development of antibiotic resistance
- Toxicity related to disruption of DNA synthesis
Interacting Drugs
Quinolones
Antibiotics targeting DNA gyrase
Antibiotics targeting DNA polymerase III