Gosset Molecular Classification
Toxin, Enzyme, Adhesin, Invasin, Capsule, Regulatory System
Disease Roles
Bacterial Virulence Factor Overview
A bacterial virulence factor is any molecule, structure, or regulatory system produced by bacteria that enables them to colonize a host, evade or suppress the host immune response, obtain nutrients from the host, and ultimately cause disease. These factors are essential for bacterial pathogenicity—the ability of bacteria to cause disease in a susceptible host. Examples include toxins, enzymes, adhesins, invasins and capsules.
Mechanism of Action
Inhibition of virulence factor production/activity; disruption of bacterial colonization; enhancement of host immune response
Biological Functions
Colonization
Immune evasion
Immune suppression
Nutrient acquisition
Tissue adhesion
Host cell entry
Quorum sensing
Regulation of gene expression
Disease Associations
Infection
Bacterial pathogenesis
Safety Considerations
- Development of resistance
- Off-target effects on commensal bacteria
- Potential for immune-mediated pathology