Target intelligence / Profile preview

Beta Amyloid Plaque

Molecular classification: Extracellular aggregate, Protein aggregate

Overview

Beta amyloid plaques are extracellular deposits primarily composed of aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) protein. These structures are most commonly found in the grey matter of the brain and are a defining pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. While some plaque formation can occur with normal aging, their abundance and association with neurofibrillary tangles distinguish Alzheimer’s pathology.

Other names: Amyloid plaquesNeuritic plaquesSenile plaques

Biological functions

No known physiological function when aggregatedInduction of synaptic lossInduction of neuronal deathActivation of microglia and astrocytesInduction of local inflammation

Disease associations

Alzheimer's diseaseNeurodegenerative disease

Safety considerations

Therapeutic targeting has had limited clinical successSynaptic dysfunction begins before large-scale aggregation occursOff-target effects of anti-amyloid therapies

Biomarkers

Plaque density (post-mortem)Amyloid beta levels in cerebrospinal fluidAmyloid PET imaging

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