Beta Lactam Antibiotics (Beta Lactams)

Beta Lactam Antibiotics Overview

Beta lactam antibiotics are a broad class of bactericidal agents characterized by the presence of a beta-lactam ring in their chemical structure. They inhibit bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial lysis and death. Resistance mechanisms include beta-lactamase production and modification of PBPs. The main adverse effect is allergic reaction.

Mechanism of Action

Beta lactams bind irreversibly to active site serine residues on PBPs, inhibiting transpeptidase activity required for peptidoglycan cross-linking. The disruption weakens the cell wall structure, leading to bacteriolysis.

Biological Functions

Safety Considerations

Interacting Drugs