Molecular Classification
Enzyme, Serine hydrolase, Beta-lactamase
Other Names
Cephalosporinase, AmpC beta-lactamase, Group 1 cephalosporinase
Disease Roles
InfectionAntibiotic resistance

Beta-lactamase Class C Enzyme Overview

Beta-lactamase class C enzymes (AmpC beta-lactamases) are serine hydrolase enzymes produced by bacteria. They hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring of beta-lactam antibiotics, conferring resistance, particularly to cephalosporins. Commonly encoded chromosomally but can also be plasmid-borne. Expression can be inducible or constitutive. Not inhibited by most traditional beta-lactamase inhibitors. Play a significant role in antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative pathogens, limiting therapeutic options.

Mechanism of Action

Hydrolyzes β-lactam antibiotics by forming an acyl-enzyme intermediate via their active-site serine residue, breaking open the β-lactam ring.

Biological Functions

Hydrolyzes beta-lactam antibiotics
Confers antibiotic resistance

Disease Associations

Infection
Antibiotic resistance

Safety Considerations

  • Emergence of antibiotic resistance
  • Treatment failures due to resistance
  • Limited treatment options for infections caused by AmpC-producing organisms
  • Inducibility and derepression of enzyme production complicating treatment

Interacting Drugs

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Cephamycins
Monobactams
Beta-lactamase inhibitors (Clavulanic acid, Tazobactam - ineffective against AmpC)
Cefepime