Gosset Beta Lactamase Enzyme Ambler Class C Overview
Class C beta-lactamases, also known as AmpC beta-lactamases or cephalosporinases, are enzymes produced by certain bacteria that confer resistance to a broad range of beta-lactam antibiotics. These enzymes hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring found in these antibiotics, rendering them ineffective against bacterial cell wall synthesis. They are serine-based enzymes and not inhibited by clavulanic acid or tazobactam. Avibactam can inhibit some class C β-lactamases. Common bacterial hosts include *Enterobacter cloacae*, *Citrobacter freundii*, *Serratia marcescens*, *Morganella morganii*, *Providencia* spp., *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, and *Escherichia coli*.
Mechanism of Action
Hydrolyzes the beta-lactam ring of beta-lactam antibiotics, preventing their binding to penicillin-binding proteins and inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Biological Functions
Disease Associations
Safety Considerations
- Treatment failures with third-generation cephalosporins despite in vitro susceptibility
- Inducible resistance leading to unpredictable clinical outcomes
- Limited effectiveness of traditional beta-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanate, tazobactam)