BK virus peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex (BKV pMHC) (BKV pMHC)

BK virus peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex (BKV pMHC) refers to the presentation of BK polyomavirus-derived protein fragments on the surface of infected host cells via HLA molecules. These complexes are critical for the immune system to identify and eliminate cells harboring the virus, which typically remains latent in the urinary tract of healthy individuals (Source: Hirsch et al., 2019, Lancet Infectious Diseases). In the context of immunosuppression, such as following kidney or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, BKV can reactivate, leading to severe complications like BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) or hemorrhagic cystitis (Source: Leboeuf et al., 2017, American Journal of Transplantation). Therapeutic interventions targeting these complexes primarily involve adoptive T-cell therapies, where BKV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are infused into patients to recognize and lyse infected cells. For example, Posoleucel (ALVR105) is an allogeneic, off-the-shelf multi-virus specific T-cell therapy designed to target these complexes across multiple viruses, including BKV (Source: AlloVir, 2023). Research is also exploring TCR-engineered T cells and TCR-like antibodies that specifically bind these pMHC targets to restore viral control and prevent organ rejection.

Other names

BK polyomavirus peptide-HLA complexBKV antigen-MHC complexBKV pMHCBK virus peptide-HLA complex

Recognition by T-cell receptors (TCRs) on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, leading to the targeted lysis of infected cells and reduction of viral load.