Blood Vessel Wall ()

Blood Vessel Wall Overview

The blood vessel wall is a complex, multi-layered structure forming the boundary of blood vessels. It facilitates nutrient, oxygen, and waste exchange. The wall consists of three layers: tunica intima (endothelial cells), tunica media (smooth muscle), and tunica externa (connective tissue). Capillaries are composed of only endothelial cells. Functionally, it maintains a selective barrier, regulates hemodynamics, mediates immune cell trafficking, and participates in repair. Specialized features include the blood-brain barrier. Dysfunction can lead to diseases like atherosclerosis and small-vessel disease.

Mechanism of Action

Biological Functions

Safety Considerations