Gosset Molecular Classification
Mineral, Inorganic crystal
Other Names
Hydroxyapatite, Calcium phosphate, Bone mineral
Disease Roles
Bone Hydroxyapatite Crystal Overview
Bone hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the primary mineral component of bone, responsible for its rigidity and mechanical strength. It is a naturally occurring form of calcium phosphate with the chemical formula Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂. HAP provides bones with compressive strength and supports osseointegration. It is a target for drugs like bisphosphonates and can be utilized for targeted drug delivery to bone tissue.
Mechanism of Action
Bisphosphonates bind to hydroxyapatite and inhibit osteoclast activity. Phytate binds to growth sites on hydroxyapatite crystals, inhibiting calcification.
Biological Functions
Bone mineralization
Calcium reservoir
Osseointegration
Bone compressive strength
Disease Associations
Osteoporosis
Bone metastasis
Cardiovascular calcification
Dental caries
Kidney stones
Safety Considerations
- Ectopic calcification
- Over-suppression of bone turnover (with bisphosphonates)
- Potential for off-target effects in drug delivery
Interacting Drugs
Bisphosphonates