Gosset Molecular Classification
Enzyme, Serine hydrolase, Cholinesterase
Other Names
Pseudocholinesterase, Plasma cholinesterase, Serum cholinesterase, CHE1, CHE2, E1, BCHED
Disease Roles
Butyrylcholinesterase Overview
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), also known as pseudocholinesterase, is a nonspecific cholinesterase enzyme that hydrolyzes a wide range of choline-based esters. Primarily synthesized in the liver and found in blood plasma, it plays a crucial role in drug metabolism and detoxification. Genetic deficiencies can lead to prolonged effects of certain anesthetics. BChE is also implicated in various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and cocaine addiction, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Mechanism of Action
Hydrolyzes ester bonds, leading to inactivation/breakdown of substrate drugs and toxins. Recombinant forms or gene therapy approaches are also used to sequester substrates such as cocaine.
Biological Functions
Drug metabolism
Detoxification
Hydrolysis of ester-containing compounds
Disease Associations
Alzheimer's disease
Insulin resistance
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cognition disorders
Hepatic diseases
Cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases
Inflammation
Obesity
Parkinson’s disease
Cocaine addiction
Safety Considerations
- Prolonged apnea after administration of certain anesthetic drugs in individuals with BChE deficiency
- Potential for drug interactions due to broad substrate specificity
Interacting Drugs
Succinylcholine
Bambuterol
Cocaine
Organophosphorus nerve agents
Associated Biomarkers
| Biomarker |
|---|
| BChE activity levels (for predicting anesthetic sensitivity) |
| Amyloid-beta levels (in Alzheimer's disease) |