C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5) (CXCL5)

C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5), also known as Epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78), is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family [UniProt P42830]. It is primarily produced by epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and monocytes in response to stimulation by inflammatory mediators like IL-1β or TNF-α [PubMed 15123770]. CXCL5 functions as a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, mediating their recruitment to sites of injury or infection by binding to the CXCR2 receptor [PubMed 10606330]. Beyond its role in acute inflammation, CXCL5 is recognized as a significant driver of angiogenesis and is implicated in the progression of various malignancies, including lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers [PubMed 21814139]. In the context of metabolic disease, CXCL5 has been linked to the development of insulin resistance in obesity [Nature Medicine 15:485-487]. Therapeutic targeting of the CXCL5/CXCR2 axis is an active area of research, with small molecule antagonists like Navarixin and Reparixin being evaluated for their potential to treat chronic inflammatory diseases and inhibit tumor-associated angiogenesis and metastasis [ClinicalTrials.gov].

Other names

Epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78ENA-78Small-inducible cytokine B5SCYB5AMCF-II

Antagonism of the CXCR2 receptor to block CXCL5-mediated signaling; Neutralization of the CXCL5 ligand by monoclonal antibodies.