C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) (CXCL5)

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), widely known as Epithelial-derived Neutrophil-Activating peptide 78 (ENA-78), is a pro-inflammatory cytokine and a member of the ELR-positive CXC chemokine family. It acts primarily by binding to the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR2, where it serves as a potent chemoattractant and activator for neutrophils. Beyond its role in leukocyte recruitment, CXCL5 is a significant mediator of angiogenesis and connective tissue remodeling, particularly in response to inflammatory triggers like interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). [1, 5, 12, 13] In pathological contexts, CXCL5 is frequently overexpressed in various malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, where it promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. It is also a key driver in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Furthermore, CXCL5 functions as an adipokine that contributes to insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Therapeutic approaches currently focus on neutralizing the ligand using monoclonal antibodies or inhibiting its activity via small-molecule CXCR2 antagonists to treat inflammation and cancer. [2, 4, 8, 14, 15]

Other names

Epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78ENA-78Small-inducible cytokine B5SCYB5Neutrophil-activating peptide ENA-78C-X-C motif chemokine 5

Neutralization of the chemokine ligand to prevent receptor binding or antagonism of the CXCR2 receptor to block downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK.