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This entry refers to multiple distinct proteins frequently associated with cellular stress responses, immunogenic cell death signals, and tumor immunity regulation, including heat shock proteins 70/90, calreticulin, nucleolin, S100A8, and HMGB1. Each plays unique roles in cancer biology—such as promoting tumor survival under stress conditions or acting as DAMPs that stimulate anti-tumor immunity—but they do not form a single molecular complex nor share an identical therapeutic targeting strategy. The grouping is commonly used when discussing immunogenic features of dying cells but should be split into individual targets for structured data extraction purposes[1][5].

Other names

HSP70HSP90calreticulin (CRT)nucleolinS100A8HMGB1

Drugs typically act by inhibiting the chaperone activity of heat shock proteins or modulating their release/function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), thereby affecting tumor cell survival or immune activation[1].