Gosset Molecular Classification
Cell Type, Barrier, Endothelial cell
Other Names
Endothelial cells (capillary), Capillary lining, Vascular endothelium (capillary)
Disease Roles
Capillary Endothelium Overview
The capillary endothelium refers to the single layer of endothelial cells that lines the interior surface of capillaries, the smallest blood vessels. This barrier regulates exchanges between blood and tissues, including fluid, nutrients, gases, and waste products. It plays key roles in vascular tone, angiogenesis, hemostasis, and immune response. Alterations in capillary endothelial function contribute to diseases like atherosclerosis, diabetes-related vascular complications, and chronic inflammation, making it an important therapeutic target.
Mechanism of Action
Modulation of endothelial cell function through targeting surface proteins (e.g., cell adhesion molecules, ACE, integrins), affecting angiogenesis pathways, or altering permeability.
Biological Functions
Selective barrier function
Vascular tone regulation
Angiogenesis
Hemostasis
Immune response
Regulation of permeability
Control of blood flow
Disease Associations
Atherosclerosis
Diabetes-related vascular complications
Chronic inflammation
Edema
Thrombosis
Vascular injury
Cancer
Safety Considerations
- Off-target effects on healthy endothelium
- Disruption of vascular homeostasis
- Unintended effects on angiogenesis
- Increased vascular permeability
Interacting Drugs
Monoclonal antibodies targeting endothelial cell surface proteins
Drugs affecting angiogenesis
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Drugs affecting vascular permeability
Associated Biomarkers
| Biomarker |
|---|
| Endothelial cell markers (e.g., specific adhesion molecules) |
| Circulating endothelial cells |
| Angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF) |
| Markers of endothelial dysfunction (e.g., soluble adhesion molecules) |