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Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP)
- Target
- ChREBP
- Molecular classification
- Transcription factor, bHLH/LZ Myc/Max/Mad superfamily
01
Overview
Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH/LZ) transcription factor that acts as a "glucose sensor". It regulates genes involved in glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis by binding to carbohydrate response element (ChoRE) motifs in target gene promoters. Its activity is regulated by intracellular metabolites and post-translational modifications. ChREBP is highly expressed in the liver but also present in adipose tissue, intestine, kidney, and pancreatic β-cells. Dysregulation of ChREBP is implicated in metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.
- Other names
- MLX-interacting protein-likeMLXIPLWBSCR17
02
Mechanism of action
Heterodimerizes with MLX, binds to ChoRE motifs in target gene promoters, and activates gene transcription in a glucose-dependent manner.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of glycolytic/lipogenic genesGlucose sensingMetabolic homeostasis
04
Disease associations
Williams-Beuren SyndromeNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)Hepatic steatosisType 2 diabetes
05
Safety considerations
Overexpression or chronic activation leads to hepatic steatosisChronic hyperglycemia activates ChREBP in pancreatic β-cells causing lipotoxicity and apoptosis
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