CD4+ T-cell receptor recognizing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120-derived peptides presented by MHC class II (gp120-specific CD4+ TCR)

The CD4+ T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120-derived peptides presented by MHC class II is a critical component of the adaptive immune response against Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) (Siliciano et al., 1988, Nature). These TCRs are expressed on the surface of CD4+ T-helper cells and specifically bind to fragments of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 when they are displayed by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells (Hioe et al., 2000, International Immunology). This interaction is fundamental for orchestrating the immune system's response, including the activation of B-cells for antibody production and the enhancement of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell activity (Lanzavecchia, 1985, Nature). In the context of HIV infection, these specific CD4+ T-cells are often the primary targets for viral entry and subsequent depletion, leading to the progressive immunodeficiency characteristic of AIDS (Douek et al., 2002, Nature). Therapeutic strategies targeting or utilizing these TCRs include the development of vaccines designed to elicit robust gp120-specific T-cell help, such as the RV144 trial components (Rerks-Ngarm et al., 2009, NEJM), and experimental TCR-engineered T-cell therapies aimed at restoring or enhancing the anti-viral cellular immune response (Varela-Rohena et al., 2008, Nature Medicine). Understanding the structural basis of this TCR-peptide-MHC interaction is vital for overcoming viral escape mechanisms and improving the efficacy of immunotherapeutic interventions.

Other names

HIV-1 gp120-specific T-cell receptorgp120-reactive CD4+ TCREnvelope-specific T-cell receptorgp120/MHC-II specific TCR

Antigen-specific activation of CD4+ T-cells via TCR-CD3 complex signaling upon recognition of gp120 peptide-MHC II complexes