Cell division cycle 25 phosphatase B (CDC25B) (CDC25B)

Cell division cycle 25 phosphatase B (CDC25B) is a dual-specificity phosphatase that activates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1, also known as CDC2) by removing inhibitory phosphate groups from Thr14 and Tyr15 residues, enabling G2/M phase transition and entry into mitosis.[1][2][3][11] It features a divergent N-terminal regulatory region for phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and a conserved C-terminal catalytic domain with a Cys-X5-Arg motif.[1][3] CDC25B shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm, localizing to the nucleus in M and G1 phases and cytoplasm in S and G2, and cooperates with CDC25A and CDC25C to amplify CDK activity during mitosis.[1][2][3] Overexpression of CDC25B promotes oncogenic transformation, mammary gland hyperplasia, and steroid hormone responsiveness, acting as a coactivator for receptors like estrogen and progesterone independent of its phosphatase activity.[2][4] In cancer, particularly breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, elevated CDC25B drives cell proliferation and tumor growth, positioning it as an attractive but challenging anticancer target due to its essential role in normal cell cycle regulation.[2][4][5] Checkpoint pathways regulate CDC25B via phosphorylation, 14-3-3 binding, proteolysis, and nuclear exclusion in response to DNA damage.[3]

Other names

Cdc25BM-phase inducer phosphatase 2