Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) (CCN1)

Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1), also known as Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), is a multifunctional matricellular protein that plays a pivotal role in regulating cell-matrix interactions and signaling (1.1.1, 1.3.1). As a member of the CCN family, it is a secreted protein that binds to various cell surface receptors, including integrins (such as alpha-v-beta-3 and alpha-6-beta-1) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, to modulate diverse cellular processes like adhesion, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis (1.1.2, 1.3.3). CCN1 is essential for normal physiological functions such as embryonic development, wound healing, and tissue repair, but its dysregulation is linked to numerous pathologies (1.3.1, 1.3.5). In oncology, CCN1 is frequently overexpressed and acts as a pro-tumorigenic factor in breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers by promoting metastasis and chemoresistance, though it can exhibit tumor-suppressive properties in other contexts like non-small cell lung cancer (1.1.2, 1.4.1). Beyond cancer, it is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and fibrotic conditions of the lung and liver (1.1.1, 1.4.4). While no drugs are currently FDA-approved specifically for CCN1, therapeutic strategies including neutralizing antibodies, siRNA, and small molecule modulators like metformin are being investigated in preclinical studies to target its activity in disease (1.4.4, 2.3.1).

Other names

Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61CYR61G-protein-inducible protein 1GIG1Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 10IGFBP10IBP-10

Inhibition of CCN1-integrin interactions and suppression of CCN1 expression or downstream signaling pathways