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Central Nervous System Depression (None)

Target: None
Molecular classification: Physiological State

Overview

Central nervous system (CNS) depression is a physiological state in which the activity of the brain and spinal cord—the core components of the CNS—is significantly slowed. This can result in decreased heart rate, reduced breathing rate, impaired consciousness, and in severe cases, coma or death. It is often caused by misuse or overdose of CNS depressant drugs, which enhance the effect of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Medical conditions and recreational drug use can also contribute. Excessive CNS depression can be fatal.

Mechanism of action

Enhancement of GABAergic neurotransmission, reduction of neuronal excitability.

Biological functions

Decreased neuronal excitabilityReduced heart rateReduced breathing rateImpaired consciousnessSedation

Disease associations

Drug overdoseMetabolic disturbancesBrain injuryHypoxia

Safety considerations

Respiratory arrestCardiovascular collapseComaDeathRisk of polypharmacyDrug Interactions

Interacting drugs

Opioids

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