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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)
- Target
- CCL2
- Molecular classification
- CC chemokine, Cytokine
01
Overview
Chemokine CCL2, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It plays a central role in immune cell recruitment and inflammation, primarily through its interaction with the CCR2 receptor. It is involved in various diseases, including chronic inflammatory conditions and cancer, making it a potential therapeutic target. It can bind atypical chemokine receptors ACKR1/DARC and ACKR2/D6 which help regulate chemokine gradients but are not G-protein coupled. Also binds glycosaminoglycan chains such as heparan sulfate on proteoglycans for immobilization/presentation on endothelial surfaces.
- Other names
- MCP-1Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1Small inducible cytokine A2
02
Mechanism of action
CCR2 antagonism; Inhibition of CCL2-mediated macrophage recruitment
03
Biological functions
Chemoattraction of monocytes/macrophagesRecruitment of memory T lymphocytesRecruitment of natural killer (NK) cellsRecruitment of B cells (under certain conditions)Recruitment of basophils (under certain conditions)Recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) (under certain conditions)Recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) (under certain conditions)Recruitment of neutrophils (under certain conditions)Priming myeloid lineage immune responsesImmune cell recruitmentInflammation
04
Disease associations
Chronic inflammatory diseasesRheumatoid arthritisMultiple sclerosisAtherosclerosisInsulin-resistant diabetesPreeclampsiaPregnancy complicationsCancer progression
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to chemokine redundancyRisk of immunosuppression with broad CCL2 inhibitionTumor proliferation/invasion via CCR2-mediated recruitment of macrophagesAngiogenesis/matrix remodeling
06
Interacting drugs
Neutralizing antibodies against CCL2
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