Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3)

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) is a small **cytokine** of the **CC chemokine family** that plays a key role in mediating and regulating acute inflammatory responses by attracting and activating leukocytes such as macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils[2][4][6]. CCL3 exerts its effects via several chemokine receptors, primarily **CCR1, CCR4, and CCR5**, making it a pivotal regulator of immune cell migration and effector functions, especially during infection and inflammation[2][4][6]. It is implicated in disease states related to immune hyperactivity (autoimmunity, neuroinflammation) as well as in tumor immune surveillance[4][5][6]. CCL3 is also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1-alpha), and its gene is located on human chromosome 17[2].

Other names

Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1-alpha)MIP1ALD78alpha

Inhibits leukocyte migration by blocking its receptors (CCR1, CCR4, CCR5); drugs target downstream effects such as HIV entry inhibition (e.g., CCR5 antagonists)