Molecular Classification
Transporter, Membrane Transport Protein, Ion Exchanger
Other Names
Anion Exchanger, Band 3, AE1, SLC4A1, AE2, SLC4A2, AE3, SLC4A3
Disease Roles
Hereditary spherocytosisDistal renal tubular acidosisHemolytic anemia

Chloride-Bicarbonate Exchanger Overview

Chloride-bicarbonate exchangers are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the electroneutral exchange of chloride ions (Cl⁻) and bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) across plasma membranes. These exchangers are crucial for maintaining acid-base balance, regulating cellular and systemic pH, disposing of metabolic CO₂ waste, and controlling fluid movement in tissues. Key isoforms include Band 3 (AE1/SLC4A1), AE2 (SLC4A2), and AE3 (SLC4A3), each with distinct tissue distributions and physiological roles. Mutations in these exchangers can lead to disorders such as hereditary spherocytosis and distal renal tubular acidosis.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibition of Cl⁻/HCO₃⁻ exchange

Biological Functions

Acid-base homeostasis
CO₂ transport
pH regulation
Electroneutral ion exchange

Disease Associations

Hereditary spherocytosis
Distal renal tubular acidosis
Hemolytic anemia

Safety Considerations

  • Potential disruption of acid-base balance
  • Risk of electrolyte imbalances