Molecular Classification
Lipoprotein, Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein
Other Names
Chylomicron Remnants, VLDL Remnants, Remnant-like particle cholesterol, RLP-C
Disease Roles
Cardiovascular diseaseAtherosclerosisHyperlipidemia

Chylomicron and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Remnant Particles Overview

Chylomicron and VLDL remnant particles are triglyceride-rich lipoproteins formed after the partial lipolysis of chylomicrons and VLDL. These remnants are cholesterol ester-rich and are taken up by the liver via apoE-mediated receptor endocytosis. Elevated levels are highly atherogenic, contributing to cardiovascular disease by promoting arterial wall penetration, inflammation, and foam cell formation.

Mechanism of Action

Reducing remnant particle levels by increasing hepatic uptake, inhibiting apoCIII, or activating lipoprotein lipase.

Biological Functions

Lipid transport
Cholesterol transport
ApoE-mediated hepatic uptake
Delivery of triglycerides to tissues

Disease Associations

Cardiovascular disease
Atherosclerosis
Hyperlipidemia
Dyslipidemia

Safety Considerations

  • Increased cardiovascular risk with elevated levels
  • Potential for off-target effects of drugs used to lower levels

Interacting Drugs

Statins
Fibrates
Niacin
Omega-3 fatty acids
ApoC-III inhibitors
Lipoprotein lipase activators

Associated Biomarkers

Biomarker
Remnant cholesterol (RC)
Remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C)
ApoB48
ApoB100
Triglycerides