Cluster of differentiation 83 (CD83) (CD83)

Cluster of Differentiation 83 (CD83) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a prominent member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily (UniProt [1], PMC [7]). It is recognized as a hallmark surface marker for mature dendritic cells and is also upregulated on activated B cells, T cells, and certain neutrophils (Frontiers [9], ResearchGate [17]). CD83 plays a vital role in regulating the immune response and maintaining tolerance by modulating the activity of MARCH ubiquitin ligases to stabilize MHC class II and CD86 on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (UniProt [3], Frontiers [12]). In various pathologies, CD83 is implicated in autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and hematological malignancies such as Hodgkin lymphoma (PMC [13], PMC [15]). Therapeutic development currently explores anti-CD83 monoclonal antibodies like 3C12C for cell depletion and recombinant soluble CD83 (sCD83) for its potent immunosuppressive effects (PMC [7], [13]). Additionally, soluble CD83 levels in the serum serve as a significant biomarker for monitoring disease progression and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions (PMC [13], [15]).

Other names

CD83 antigenhCD83B-cell activation proteinCell surface protein HB15HB15BL11

Targeting CD83 primarily involves the use of monoclonal antibodies to deplete activated CD83-expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and lymphocytes, or the administration of recombinant soluble CD83 (sCD83) to induce immune tolerance and suppress overactive immune responses. At a molecular level, CD83 regulates immune homeostasis by inhibiting MARCH ubiquitin ligases (MARCH1 and MARCH8), which prevents the ubiquitination and degradation of MHC class II and CD86, thereby stabilizing these molecules on the cell surface.